Oral Diagnosis | Developmental Disturbances of the Lips & Palate | INBDE, ADAT

Summary

Key Points

• Cleft lip, the most common facial birth defect, results from the failure of fusion between the medial nasal and maxillary prominences, leading to feeding and speech difficulties. 1:06
• Cleft palate, a failure of fusion of the palatal shelves, is more common in girls and can manifest as incomplete or complete, often causing significant dental anomalies like missing incisors and impacted canines. 4:08
• Congenital lip pits are rare bilateral depressions, almost exclusively on the lower lip, and are associated with VanderWoude Syndrome when combined with cleft lip or palate. 5:08
• Double lip is a developmental anomaly characterized by hypertrophy of the inner lip, creating an extra fold of tissue, most often in the upper lip, which can be surgically corrected. 6:45
• Granulomatous colitis is a chronic inflammatory condition causing swollen, firm, cracked, and red lips, which may be associated with Melkersson-Rosenthal Syndrome. 7:31
• An ephelis, or freckle, is a benign, flat, light brown lesion less than 5mm, found on sun-exposed skin and lips, requiring no treatment. 10:36
• A melanotic macule is a benign, flat, pigmented lesion of the oral mucosa, often congenital and larger than a freckle, with multiple macules potentially indicating serious conditions like Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome. 12:30
• A melanocytic nevus, or mole, is a benign proliferation of pigment-producing cells; however, oral mucosal nevi, though rare, should be excised due to the inability to clinically differentiate them from malignant oral melanoma. 13:50