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81 SORUDA KPSS TARİH SON TEKRAR (GÖKHAN ÖZ)

By Gökhan Öz Tarih

1 hr 34 min video·en-us··441140 views

This is an AI-generated summary of “81 SORUDA KPSS TARİH SON TEKRAR (GÖKHAN ÖZ)” — a 1 hr 34 min YouTube video by Gökhan Öz Tarih, published September 25, 2026. It condenses the full transcript into 50 key takeaways with clickable timestamps.

Summary

This video provides a comprehensive review of Turkish history, covering topics from early Turkic states to the Republican era, through the analysis of 81 practice questions designed to prepare viewers for associate degree and secondary education exams.

Key Points

  • The video presents 81 practice questions, structured into three tests, to review Turkish history for upcoming exams, with questions modeled after recent official exam formats. 
  • The first question discusses the concept of 'kut' (divine mandate) in early Turkic states, emphasizing the Khagan's responsibilities and accountability. 
  • A question on Anatolian Seljuk architecture clarifies that the Double-Minaret Madrasa, Gök Madrasa, and Buruciye Madrasa are all located in Sivas. 
  • The Battle of Dandanakan in 1040 is highlighted as a pivotal event that officially established the Great Seljuk Empire and ended Ghaznavid rule in Khorasan. 
  • The video explains that the incorporation of various Anatolian principalities into the Ottoman state demonstrated the progress of political unity among Turks. 
  • Ahmet Pasha is identified as the Ottoman statesman who rebelled against Pargalı Ibrahim Pasha's appointment as Grand Vizier and later attempted to re-establish the Mamluk state. 
  • Official reports submitted by Ottoman ambassadors or representatives to foreign countries, detailing political structures and societal observations, are referred to as 'embassy reports'. 
  • The guild organization in the Ottoman Empire is described as protecting both producers and consumers by controlling prices, quality, and professional ethics, while also fostering solidarity. 
  • The dirlik system in the Ottoman Empire allocated state lands to officials and army members based on income, categorized into Has, Zeyamet, and Timar. 
  • The Devshirme system, where children from non-Muslim families were educated and trained for administrative or military roles, is explained as a crucial part of Ottoman state-building. 
  • Tarhuncu Ahmet Pasha is recognized as the first Ottoman official to create a balanced budget in the modern sense during the 17th century. 
  • The Balta Limanı trade agreement of 1838 with England is discussed as an agreement that significantly undermined the Ottoman economy. 
  • The path to Serbian independence is coded through the Bucharest, Edirne, and Berlin agreements, with Greeks being the first nation to achieve independence from the Ottoman Empire. 
  • The Kuleli incident during Sultan Abdülmecid's reign is identified as an event that occurred against the absolute rule of the throne. 
  • Aybüke misremembers that Mustafa Kemal Pasha was directly present at the İnönü battles, whereas İsmet İnönü was the commander there. 
  • At the Sivas Congress, a charter and oath were implemented to prevent delegates from being swayed by political parties and to counter accusations of being Unionists. 
  • The Mudanya Armistice Agreement is credited with ensuring the liberation of Eastern Thrace and the Straits region without war. 
  • The Dilson Principles Society, which sought protection under a US mandate, is identified as a harmful society, contrasting with beneficial defense-of-rights societies. 
  • The Great Offensive (Battle of the Commander-in-Chief's Field) is presented as an event that occurred following the failure of diplomatic negotiations with the Entente powers and at the initiative of the Grand National Assembly. 
  • The Moscow Treaty is identified as the document signed between Soviet Russia and the Grand National Assembly of Turkey (TBMM) that rejected the Treaty of Sèvres and involved Turkey's first concession from the National Pact (ceding Batum). 
  • The Allied Powers completely evacuated Istanbul and the Bosphorus region after the Second Grand National Assembly ratified the Lausanne Peace Treaty. 
  • The pairing of the abolition of the tithe tax with the Agricultural Bank's founding is identified as incorrect, as the bank predates the tax abolition by decades. 
  • The lesson on the Law on the Unification of Education, the Hat Law, and the New Turkish Alphabet Law is not expected to mention the transition to a multi-party political system or the strengthening of parliamentary opposition. 
  • The Law of Public Order, the reactivation of Independence Courts, and the influence on the closure of the Progressive Republican Party are all events that occurred following the Sheikh Said rebellion. 
  • Mustafa Kemal Atatürk's principle of viewing the Republic of Turkey as a community with various professions, rather than separate classes, is linked to populism. 
  • The Balkan Entente, established in 1934, was influenced by Italy's expansionist policies, the rise of Nazism in Germany, and Turkey's desire to secure its western borders. 
  • During the Adana talks in 1943, President İsmet İnönü used Turkey's inadequate military equipment as a diplomatic pretext to delay joining the war on the Allied side. 
  • The establishment of the People's Party in 1948 by figures like Fevzi Çakmak was influenced by the political climate and a desire to end tensions between the CHP and the Democratic Party. 
  • The Cuban Missile Crisis was resolved through a mutual agreement where the USSR dismantled missiles in Cuba, and the US withdrew Jupiter missiles from Turkey. 
  • Metehan's decision to withdraw from besieging China, despite military superiority, was based on the threat of cultural assimilation due to China's large population and the desire to preserve Hun national sovereignty. 
  • Amasra is identified as the coastal city in Anatolia taken by Sultan Mehmed the Conqueror in 1460 to secure Black Sea trade and coastal security. 
  • Yusuf Has Hacip's *Kutat Kubilik* emphasizes justice as the foundation of the state and the equality of all before the law, not the complete replacement of Sharia law with customary law. 
  • The policy of tolerance implemented by the Ottoman Empire towards the Christian population in conquered territories, known as 'istimalet', guaranteed freedom of belief and worship. 
  • The Kalemiye class in the Ottoman Empire included officials like the Defterdar, Nişancı, and Reisül Küttap, but not professors, who belong to the scholarly class. 
  • The Nişancı was the Ottoman official responsible for land registers, decrees, and affixing the Sultan's seal, belonging to the Kalemiye (scribal) class. 
  • Fatih Sultan Mehmet's practices, such as eliminating Turkish noble families and appointing individuals of devshirme origin, aimed to strengthen the absolute and central authority of the ruler. 
  • A Berat was the official appointment document issued in the name of the Sultan and bearing his seal, confirming land grants or official duties. 
  • Köprülü Mehmed Pasha was the first Grand Vizier in Ottoman history to set conditions for his appointment, aiming to prevent corruption and re-establish discipline. 
  • The Reform Decree of 1856 granted non-Muslims the option to pay for exemption from military service, giving them a more privileged position than Muslims at the time. 
  • The 31st March incident was a major rebellion against the Ottoman constitutional system, leading to the strengthening of the Committee of Union and Progress. 
  • Fahrettin Pasha is recognized as the Ottoman commander who defended Medina against Arab rebels during World War I, earning the titles 'Desert Tiger' and 'Defender of Medina'. 
  • Mustafa Kemal Pasha's statement upon seeing enemy battleships in the Bosphorus ('They will leave as they came') reflects his unwavering determination for independence. 
  • The Amasya negotiations are highlighted as the event where the Istanbul government officially recognized the national delegation, following the resignation of Damat Ferit Pasha's government. 
  • The National Pact resolutions, adopted by the last Ottoman Parliament, are identified as the primary reason for the Allied powers' official occupation of Istanbul and subsequent acts of violence. 
  • The concept of mandate and protectorate was first rejected at the Erzurum Congress and definitively rejected at the Sivas Congress. 
  • Italy's withdrawal from occupied territories in Anatolia, the signing of the Moscow Treaty, the closure of the Southern Front with the Ankara Agreement, and the invitation to the Lausanne Conference are all developments that occurred after the Battle of İnönü. 
  • Mustafa Kemal Pasha's famous words to İsmet Pasha, 'There, you dealt not only with the enemy but also with the ill fate of the nation,' were spoken after the Battle of İnönü. 
  • The Gediz Offensive is described as a National Struggle event where the inadequacy of the National Forces became apparent, accelerating the transition to a regular army. 
  • Refet Bele (Refet Pasha) was sent as the Thrace Commissioner to take Eastern Thrace from Greek occupation forces following the Mudanya Armistice. 
  • The Free Republican Party's program in 1930 included a single-stage election system and granting political rights to women, aiming for economic liberalism. 
81 SORUDA KPSS TARİH SON TEKRAR (GÖKHAN ÖZ)

81 SORUDA KPSS TARİH SON TEKRAR (GÖKHAN ÖZ)

This video provides a comprehensive review of Turkish history, covering topics from early Turkic states to the Republican era, through the analysis of 81 practice questions designed to prepare viewers for associate degree and secondary education exams.

Key Points

—The video presents 81 practice questions, structured into three tests, to review Turkish history for upcoming exams, with questions modeled after recent official exam formats.
—The first question discusses the concept of 'kut' (divine mandate) in early Turkic states, emphasizing the Khagan's responsibilities and accountability.
—A question on Anatolian Seljuk architecture clarifies that the Double-Minaret Madrasa, Gök Madrasa, and Buruciye Madrasa are all located in Sivas.
—The Battle of Dandanakan in 1040 is highlighted as a pivotal event that officially established the Great Seljuk Empire and ended Ghaznavid rule in Khorasan.
—The video explains that the incorporation of various Anatolian principalities into the Ottoman state demonstrated the progress of political unity among Turks.
—Ahmet Pasha is identified as the Ottoman statesman who rebelled against Pargalı Ibrahim Pasha's appointment as Grand Vizier and later attempted to re-establish the Mamluk state.
—Official reports submitted by Ottoman ambassadors or representatives to foreign countries, detailing political structures and societal observations, are referred to as 'embassy reports'.
—The guild organization in the Ottoman Empire is described as protecting both producers and consumers by controlling prices, quality, and professional ethics, while also fostering solidarity.
—The dirlik system in the Ottoman Empire allocated state lands to officials and army members based on income, categorized into Has, Zeyamet, and Timar.
—The Devshirme system, where children from non-Muslim families were educated and trained for administrative or military roles, is explained as a crucial part of Ottoman state-building.
—Tarhuncu Ahmet Pasha is recognized as the first Ottoman official to create a balanced budget in the modern sense during the 17th century.
—The Balta Limanı trade agreement of 1838 with England is discussed as an agreement that significantly undermined the Ottoman economy.
—The path to Serbian independence is coded through the Bucharest, Edirne, and Berlin agreements, with Greeks being the first nation to achieve independence from the Ottoman Empire.
—The Kuleli incident during Sultan Abdülmecid's reign is identified as an event that occurred against the absolute rule of the throne.
—Aybüke misremembers that Mustafa Kemal Pasha was directly present at the İnönü battles, whereas İsmet İnönü was the commander there.
—At the Sivas Congress, a charter and oath were implemented to prevent delegates from being swayed by political parties and to counter accusations of being Unionists.
—The Mudanya Armistice Agreement is credited with ensuring the liberation of Eastern Thrace and the Straits region without war.
—The Dilson Principles Society, which sought protection under a US mandate, is identified as a harmful society, contrasting with beneficial defense-of-rights societies.
—The Great Offensive (Battle of the Commander-in-Chief's Field) is presented as an event that occurred following the failure of diplomatic negotiations with the Entente powers and at the initiative of the Grand National Assembly.
—The Moscow Treaty is identified as the document signed between Soviet Russia and the Grand National Assembly of Turkey (TBMM) that rejected the Treaty of Sèvres and involved Turkey's first concession from the National Pact (ceding Batum).
—The Allied Powers completely evacuated Istanbul and the Bosphorus region after the Second Grand National Assembly ratified the Lausanne Peace Treaty.
—The pairing of the abolition of the tithe tax with the Agricultural Bank's founding is identified as incorrect, as the bank predates the tax abolition by decades.
—The lesson on the Law on the Unification of Education, the Hat Law, and the New Turkish Alphabet Law is not expected to mention the transition to a multi-party political system or the strengthening of parliamentary opposition.
—The Law of Public Order, the reactivation of Independence Courts, and the influence on the closure of the Progressive Republican Party are all events that occurred following the Sheikh Said rebellion.
—Mustafa Kemal Atatürk's principle of viewing the Republic of Turkey as a community with various professions, rather than separate classes, is linked to populism.
—The Balkan Entente, established in 1934, was influenced by Italy's expansionist policies, the rise of Nazism in Germany, and Turkey's desire to secure its western borders.
—During the Adana talks in 1943, President İsmet İnönü used Turkey's inadequate military equipment as a diplomatic pretext to delay joining the war on the Allied side.
—The establishment of the People's Party in 1948 by figures like Fevzi Çakmak was influenced by the political climate and a desire to end tensions between the CHP and the Democratic Party.
—The Cuban Missile Crisis was resolved through a mutual agreement where the USSR dismantled missiles in Cuba, and the US withdrew Jupiter missiles from Turkey.
—Metehan's decision to withdraw from besieging China, despite military superiority, was based on the threat of cultural assimilation due to China's large population and the desire to preserve Hun national sovereignty.
—Amasra is identified as the coastal city in Anatolia taken by Sultan Mehmed the Conqueror in 1460 to secure Black Sea trade and coastal security.
—Yusuf Has Hacip's *Kutat Kubilik* emphasizes justice as the foundation of the state and the equality of all before the law, not the complete replacement of Sharia law with customary law.
—The policy of tolerance implemented by the Ottoman Empire towards the Christian population in conquered territories, known as 'istimalet', guaranteed freedom of belief and worship.
—The Kalemiye class in the Ottoman Empire included officials like the Defterdar, Nişancı, and Reisül Küttap, but not professors, who belong to the scholarly class.
—The Nişancı was the Ottoman official responsible for land registers, decrees, and affixing the Sultan's seal, belonging to the Kalemiye (scribal) class.
—Fatih Sultan Mehmet's practices, such as eliminating Turkish noble families and appointing individuals of devshirme origin, aimed to strengthen the absolute and central authority of the ruler.
—A Berat was the official appointment document issued in the name of the Sultan and bearing his seal, confirming land grants or official duties.
—Köprülü Mehmed Pasha was the first Grand Vizier in Ottoman history to set conditions for his appointment, aiming to prevent corruption and re-establish discipline.
—The Reform Decree of 1856 granted non-Muslims the option to pay for exemption from military service, giving them a more privileged position than Muslims at the time.
—The 31st March incident was a major rebellion against the Ottoman constitutional system, leading to the strengthening of the Committee of Union and Progress.
—Fahrettin Pasha is recognized as the Ottoman commander who defended Medina against Arab rebels during World War I, earning the titles 'Desert Tiger' and 'Defender of Medina'.
—Mustafa Kemal Pasha's statement upon seeing enemy battleships in the Bosphorus ('They will leave as they came') reflects his unwavering determination for independence.
—The Amasya negotiations are highlighted as the event where the Istanbul government officially recognized the national delegation, following the resignation of Damat Ferit Pasha's government.
—The National Pact resolutions, adopted by the last Ottoman Parliament, are identified as the primary reason for the Allied powers' official occupation of Istanbul and subsequent acts of violence.
—The concept of mandate and protectorate was first rejected at the Erzurum Congress and definitively rejected at the Sivas Congress.
—Italy's withdrawal from occupied territories in Anatolia, the signing of the Moscow Treaty, the closure of the Southern Front with the Ankara Agreement, and the invitation to the Lausanne Conference are all developments that occurred after the Battle of İnönü.
—Mustafa Kemal Pasha's famous words to İsmet Pasha, 'There, you dealt not only with the enemy but also with the ill fate of the nation,' were spoken after the Battle of İnönü.
—The Gediz Offensive is described as a National Struggle event where the inadequacy of the National Forces became apparent, accelerating the transition to a regular army.
—Refet Bele (Refet Pasha) was sent as the Thrace Commissioner to take Eastern Thrace from Greek occupation forces following the Mudanya Armistice.
—The Free Republican Party's program in 1930 included a single-stage election system and granting political rights to women, aiming for economic liberalism.
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